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Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also called physiatry, is the branch of medicine emphasizing the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders – particularly related to the nerves, muscles, and bones – that may produce temporary or permanent impairment. Physical medicine

Orthopedics is a specialty branch of medicine pertaining to conditions and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Everyone is born with many muscles, bones and connective tissues that work together to form the support structure of the body. Orthopedists work to

An arthroscopy is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the health of problem joints – particularly those in the knees, shoulders, wrists, hips and back. The procedure uses an arthroscope, which is an endoscopic device complete with a camera and

Osteoarthritis is a disease characterized by joint damage caused by ‘wear and tear’ occurring within joint cartilage over time. This degenerative joint disorder causes joint pain and tenderness, as well as swelling, stiffness and loss of flexibility among some patients.